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2022
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Environmental Science | Is there pollution under the blue sky? Scientific Research Tells You the Truth (Abstract)
Source:
Luoyang Ecological Environment Bureau; Map/Photographic Network
In recent years, the national and regional air quality has been significantly improved, especially the PM2.5 concentration has been significantly reduced, and the number of days of heavy pollution has been significantly reduced. Blue sky and white clouds are no longer out of reach, and even have become the norm in people's lives. But the public is also confused: why does the APP often show that the air quality is at the pollution level under the blue sky and white clouds in summer? In addition to PM2.5 and PM10 particulate pollution, ozone (O3), an important indicator for air quality assessment, may exceed the standard. China has always attached importance to the construction of the O3 standard in ambient air and its assessment system, and gradually integrated with the assessment system. In 1982, China issued the Ambient Air Quality Standard, which stipulated that the hourly concentration limits of photochemical oxidants (calculated by O3) in residential, commercial and industrial areas were 160 μ g/m3 and 200 μ g/m3 respectively. In 2012, in order to gradually integrate with the general air quality assessment system, referring to the Air Quality Guidelines of the World Health Organization, China revised the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-2012), and added a larger 8-hour daily sliding average concentration limit for O3 in Class I areas (nature reserves, scenic spots, etc.) and Class II areas (residential areas, industrial areas, mixed commercial and transportation residential areas, etc.), 100 μ g/m3 and 160 μ g/m3 respectively. In the same year, the Technical Regulations on Ambient Air Quality Index (AQI) (Trial) (HJ 633-2012) was issued, which defined the concentration limit of O3 in ambient air under the category of air quality index.
You must be very concerned. Is O3 pollution serious in China? The scientific assessment shows that although the concentration of O3 in China is generally showing a "slow rise" trend, the pollution degree is mostly at the level of light to moderate pollution.
"Increase" refers to a 12.2% increase in the national O3 assessment value compared with 2015. When the concentration of pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO and so on decreased significantly during the "13th Five Year Plan" period, the prevention and control of O3 concentration became particularly urgent and important because of its "rising instead of falling".
"Slow" means that although the evaluation value of O3 in China has increased from 2015 to 2017, the evaluation value of O3 in 2017, 2018 and 2020 fluctuated in the range of 137~139 micrograms/m3, and in 2020, it only increased by 1 microgram/m3 compared with 2017. 2019 is a special year. Affected by abnormal adverse meteorological conditions, the national O3 assessment value reached a high of 148 micrograms/m3 in recent years.
It should be noted that at present, the pollution of O3 in China is mainly light pollution (about 85%~90%), moderate pollution accounts for about 10%, and occasionally severe pollution (less than 1%), without serious pollution. In this regard, we can also draw a conclusion by comparing the air quality data officially released daily with the O3 air quality assessment table.
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